Psychological disorders Essay

1. Bipolar deflectThis is a distract associated with extreme mood swings. A mortals moods alternate between two opposite ends, that is to say, from extreme sadness to euphoric happiness.  Most people start maturation this behavior in their late teens nevertheless ar well diagnosed in the eld between 25 and 40 years.The feature is non classifyly known but it is thought to result from chemical (neurotransmitters) asymmetry. dissymmetry of norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine levels atomic number 18 believed to be the perplex.Bipolar inconvenience oneself has a inheritable and environmental tie.  It keep pass buck through family members. However, it has to be triggered by about stress.Symptoms embarrass behaviors revolving around mania and opinion.  A sick person should be helped to deal wind medical care especi wholey when it threatens staple health.  Blood tests or X-rays are apply to prolong the disorder.There is no remediation for bipola r disorder. However, proper therapy can make do it and a sick person can go on performance normally. sermon is geared towards medicinal drug that stabilizes mood swings accompanied with counseling.  Medication is non very setive. steering is some successful especially with pledge from family members.Medication available for prescriptions in the foodstuff admits lithium, valproic acid (depolcote) and Olanzine (zyprexa) among others.  They work by equilibrise neurotransmitters in the brain.  Some of their aspect personal set up let in Lithium increased urination, dizziness, illness and diarrhea. Valproic acid Drowsiness, weakness, na lend oneselfa and diarrhea. Olanzapine diminish alertness.2. Depressive disorderThis is a disorder characterized with a skin perceptiveness of sadness. It can come across people of all ages but in the United States, it is tail fin times more gross in the elderly than young people (Depression facts www.enmechizmhealth.com )The causes admit a combination of genetic, biological and environmental factors.  It is triggered by abnormalities in the levels of neurotransmitters (serotin, norepinephrine and dopamine) in the brain.  Certain types of depressive disorders are hereditary.  Research has not cleared diagnosed the obscure genes. Personality traits such(prenominal) as pessimism, difficult situations such as lose of loved ones, medical conditions e.g. box and substance abuse are round of the biological and environmental factors.Symptoms include sadness, instant(a) spells, loss of interest in coarse activities, weight loss, inability to sleep, fatigue, thoughts of suicide, headache, boredom and little ability to think or brook. interposition includes psychotherapy and medication. However psychotherapy is the most effective. Medical treatment includes antidepressants and supportive care-such as psychotherapy given by psychiatrists. ant depressants medications in the market include discriminating serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI), Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors (MAOs). SSRIs affect levels of serotonin in the brain.Common SSRIs include fluoxetine, paroxetine and citalopram. TCAs are prescribed in severe cases of depression especially when SSRIs have failed to work. founts of TCAs include doxepin and mipramine. MAOs are not commonly utilise and examples include phenelzine and tranylcypromine. Some of the side effects associated with those medications include dizziness, nausea, weakness and drowsness.3. conclude Anxiety disorderThis is a disorder characterized with mild feelings of nervousness to a knockout feeling of dread or fear. Symptoms include muscle tension, muscle aches and shaky feelings. It does not affect the brain. The disorder makes the ordinary doing of things difficult.  volume with the disorder cannot be able to relax.  They often get fatigued. It is common in children and adolescents.It is not ge netic however research is macrocosm conducted to determine that. It is mainly induced by environmental factors. Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are treatments with the fountain being the most effective. Medication employ include Ativan, Lipoxide and lurux. Some of the side effects of those drugs are similar to those of bipolar disorder. obsessive compulsive disorderThis disorder is characterized with obsessions or compulsions or both.  Obsessions or compulsion cause distress therefore one cannot concentrate on work or whatsoever is being done.  Obsessions symptoms include recurring thoughts, impulses or images that intrude into awareness.  Compulsion symptoms include the essential for repetitive physical and mental behaviors.  Example of obsessive behavior is silently ingeminate words while that of compulsive include behavior like checking the door to confirm whether it is really closed.  It is triggered by substance use, medication and drug abuse.The exa ct cause is not clear though it is linked with shortage of serotonin in the brain.It has no cure.  handling includes counseling, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy.  Current medication and include luvox, anafruvial and prozac. Prozac has a side effect of weakness and drowsiness.4. Substance Abuse disorderThe disorder is a result of all over indulgence and dependence on addictive substance such as inebriant or narcotics. It is not genetic at all. In the United States it is very common especially with the youth. People abuse substances to get a feeling of being soaring. Some do that to run forth from frustrations. Substance abuses affect normal functioning of the brain. It is thought that they also cause imbalance of neurotransmitters. Treatments include counseling and proper use of prescribed medicine.5. SchizophreniaThis is a chronic and disabling mental disorder.  Its symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thoughts and behaviors and disorganized speech.The cause is not clear however it is a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. Neurotransmitters imbalance trigger the condition. The neurotransmitters involved include dopamine, serotin and glutamate. it is also thought to be a disorder of the development of the brain.It has no cure but symptoms treatable. Antipsychotic medications are effective.  Examples of antipsychotic medication include risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole and quetiapine. Olanzapine has a side effect of causing decreased alertness. Psychotherapy is recommended and is the most effective.