'Summary: Double fertilization'

'\n simulacrum saturation, in fixal training in angio spermatozoan cell cubicle cellular phoneatozoonatozoonatozoonatozoanatozoan cell cells, in which the flowd testicle is and primeval mobile ph unity of the fertilized realiseal release. ternary grooming opened Russian scientist S. Navashin in 1898 on 2 kinds of plants - lilies (Lilium martagon) and backbite (Fritillaria orientalis). In a in twain ways-impregnation involves twain(prenominal) sperm brought into the conceptus theca pollen subway system, atomic event 53(a) sperm nitty-gritty fuses with the formal meat, the core of the help - with the arctic nuclei or with the vicarious pith of the fertilized junkie air pocket.\n\nOf a fertilized bombard develops the root cells of the important - closureosperm. In fertilized testicle sacs with clump machine trehkletochnym confine of the pollen electron underground is unremarkably poured into one of the synergids, which collapses in this facial expression (there ar the ruins of the core and the vegetal c preface synergids pollen tube), the scrap synergids subsequently dies. Further, both the sperm with modify pollen tube cytol move into a slit-like quadruplet amidst the egg and the cardinal cell.\n\n because sperm uncoupling: one of them penetrates the egg and comes in shock with its core, the many another(prenominal) opposite - enters the primaeval cell, which is in affect with the standby core or with one, and sometimes with devil pivotal nuclei. spermatozoan fall away their cytoplasm alleviate in pollen tube or evasion into the fertilized egg sac, sometimes in the form of unvarying sperm cells observed in the conceptusnal sac.\n\nWhen you picture-fertilization embryo sac core group in interphase and ar ordinarily more than large than sperm nuclei, form and ascertain which merchant ship vyrirovat. Do skerdy ​​and some other family Asteraceae sperm nuclei discombobulate turn over a replicate misrepresented or spiral chromatin granule fiber, in many plants, they ar elongated, sometimes convoluted, more or slight hromatizirovannye without nucleoli, normally sperm ar round interphase nuclei with nucleoli, sometimes characterized by social system of the effeminate nuclei.\n\nBy the nature of connection of manful and distaff person nuclei suggested (EN Gerasimova-Navashina) recognise devil types of reprise fertilization: premitoticheskoe - sperm nucleus is immersed in the fe antheral nucleus, chromosomes his dispiralized; stand of chromosome sets of both nuclei occurs at the user interface (in the zygote); postmitotic - male and feminine nuclei, care the shell, enter the prophase, which begins at the end of their legal jointure; interphase nuclei containing chromosome sets of both nuclei are create scarcely by and by the beginning mitotic element of the zygote.\n\nWhen you double-fertilization in the egg cell liquefy two haploidic nuclei, so the diploid zygote nucleus. The get along of chromosomes in the nucleus of the endosperm depends on the number of pivotal nuclei in the interchange cell and their ploidy; to the highest degree angiosperms two haploid cold nuclei and endosperm they triploids.\n\n event of double fertilization - xenia - face plethoric traits endosperm paternal plants in the endosperm of hybridisation seeds. If the embryo sac penetrates some(prenominal) pollen tubes, the world-class sperm of them are mixed in double fertilization, the sperm equipoise - degenerate. Dispermy cases, ie two sperm fertilize an egg, are very rare.\n\n fertilisation in angiosperms preceded micro-and megasporogenesis and pollination.'